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Control flow refers to the way a program executes its instructions. It determines the order in
which the program runs. It allows you to make your programs more efficient and effective by
specifying the order in which instructions are executed.

## Conditional statements

There are several ways to control the flow of a program. One of the most common is through the
use of conditional statements, which check if a certain condition is true or false and execute
different instructions based on the result.

For example, the following python code uses an `if` statement to check if a number is positive
or negative:

```python
num = 5
if num > 0:
    print("The number is positive.")
else:
    print("The number is negative.")
```

## Loops

Another way to control the flow of a program is through loops, which allow you to repeat a set
of instructions multiple times.

There are 2 types of loops:

- `for` loops
- `while` loops

### `for` loop

`for` loops iterate a specific number of times, while `while` loops repeat until a certain condition is met.

For example, the following python code uses a `for` loop to print out a series of numbers:


```python
for i in range(5):
    print(i)
```

This code will output the numbers 0 through 4.

### `while` loop

On the other hand, the following python code uses a `while` loop to keep asking a user for input until
they provide a valid response:

```python
response = ""
while response != "yes":
    response = input("Enter 'yes' to continue: ")
```

## Summary

Control flow is an important concept in programming that allows you to specify the order in which
instructions are executed and make your programs more efficient and effective.

By using conditional statements and loops, you can control the flow of your programs and achieve the
desired results.


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Control flow

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